Achilles tendonitis is a condition where the Achilles tendon, the large band of tissue that connects the calf muscles to the heel bone, becomes inflamed. It is a common injury, particularly among athletes, but can also affect people who engage in repetitive activities or sudden increases in physical activity.
Causes:
Achilles tendonitis usually occurs due to overuse or stress placed on the tendon. Common causes include:
- Sudden increase in activity level: Rapidly increasing the intensity or frequency of physical activity can strain the tendon.
- Improper footwear: Shoes that lack proper support or cushioning can contribute to the condition.
- Tight calf muscles: Tightness in the calf muscles can place more stress on the Achilles tendon.
- Poor biomechanics: Abnormal foot mechanics or improper running techniques can increase stress on the tendon.
Symptoms:
- Pain: The most common symptom is pain along the tendon, especially in the lower part, near the heel.
- Swelling: Swelling or thickening of the tendon may occur.
- Stiffness: The tendon might feel stiff, particularly in the morning or after rest.
- Tenderness: The tendon may be sensitive to touch, and there may be pain when pushing down on it.
Treatment:
Treatment for Achilles tendonitis often involves a combination of the following approaches:
-
Rest: Reducing or avoiding activities that put strain on the tendon, such as running or jumping, helps allow the tendon to heal.
-
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): Medications such as ibuprofen or naproxen can help reduce pain and inflammation.
-
Orthotics or motion control shoes: custom orthotics as well as motion control shoes can help alleviate pressure on the tendon.
-
Physical therapy: Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy or ESWT is used to promote healing and improve mobility.
It's important to seek medical attention if you have persistent pain or symptoms, as untreated Achilles tendonitis can lead to chronic tendon issues or even a tendon rupture.